Complex / Critical / Rare Diseases

The Department of Rare and Complex Diseases primarily admits patients with unclear diagnoses, multi-system involvement, recurrent or rapidly progressing conditions, and poor responses to conventional treatments. The treatment model emphasizes multidisciplinary consultation, systematic medical history reconstruction, reassessment of key examinations, pathological and imaging review, genetic and immunological testing, and dynamic follow-up. For suspected rare diseases, gene testing, metabolic screening, autoantibody profiling, and histopathology often help clarify the subtype. Treatment goals include identifying the etiology, controlling active disease, reducing organ damage, and improving quality of life. In cases of respiratory and circulatory failure, severe infection, rapid neurological deterioration, or multiple organ dysfunction, priority should be given to critical care while simultaneously advancing etiological diagnosis. Evidence for these diseases is often limited, and some treatments require integration with guidelines, expert consensus, and individualized benefit-risk assessments.