Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine

Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Hospital, also known as the Proton and Heavy Ion Center of Fudan University Cancer Hospital, is the first in China and the third in the world to simultaneously possess a proton and heavy ion dual-particle radiotherapy platform. It is a national highland for the clinical translation of particle radiotherapy technology and a national-level referral center for particle radiotherapy of localized solid tumors and recurrent tumors after photon radiotherapy. It is benchmarked against the Heidelberg Heavy Ion Center in Germany, the National Institute of Radiation Medicine in Japan, and the Proton Center of Massachusetts General Hospital in the United States.

The Proton and Heavy Ion Center of Fudan University Cancer Hospital (also known as Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Hospital) project began preparations in the 1990s and officially started in 2003. After ten years of construction, it officially opened on May 8, 2015. It is the first medical institution in my country and one of the few in the world to possess both proton and heavy ion radiotherapy technologies. Relying on the clinical and academic support of Fudan University Cancer Hospital, the center deeply integrates cutting-edge radiotherapy technology with the comprehensive diagnostic and treatment capabilities of a cancer specialty hospital, forming a diagnostic and treatment system of "precise particle technology and multidisciplinary collaborative decision-making".

Core business operational efficiency:

As of May 2026, the center had treated and discharged a total of 9,317 patients, treating more than 50 types of diseases, basically covering common malignant tumors among Chinese residents. Patients came from all 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) in my country, as well as Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan. In addition, more than 100 overseas patients sought treatment there. As the world's first heavy ion center to treat more than 1,000 patients annually, its single particle device has treated more than 1,000 patients annually for five consecutive years. In 2025, it treated and discharged 1,267 patients, setting a new historical record. The peak number of patients treated in a single day reached 106, making its treatment efficiency among the best in similar international institutions. In terms of cost, a course of proton and heavy ion therapy costs about 278,000 yuan, which is currently not covered by medical insurance. However, as a designated hospital for "Shanghai Huibao" (a social insurance program), the hospital has opened a direct reimbursement service, assisting nearly a thousand insured patients to receive a total of more than 130 million yuan in reimbursements. The proportion of patients covered by commercial insurance is as high as 40%.

Discipline Positioning and Core Advantages:

The center is the only clinical medical research and development institution in China that simultaneously possesses photon, proton, and heavy ion technologies. The radiotherapy center is affiliated with the Shanghai Clinical Medical Research Center for Radiotherapy, the Shanghai Tumor Radiotherapy Research Center, and the Radiotherapy Quality Control Center. It is also the first member unit in China of the Radiotherapy Team Group (RTOG). Its core advantages can be summarized as a four-dimensional integration of "globally leading particle technology platform × leader in heavy ion clinical application × export of Chinese solutions × inclusive medical and insurance integration": the 5-year overall survival rate for particle radiotherapy patients reaches 70.4%, which is on par with the 5-year survival rate data for all cancers in the United States in the American Cancer Society's "2025 Cancer Statistics Report". The second phase of the hospital project commenced in September 2025, and will add one heavy ion and one proton therapy unit. It is expected to be completed by the end of 2028, at which time it is expected to become the world's largest tumor particle therapy center.

It relies on the Shanghai Institute of Hematology, the National Key Laboratory of Omics and Disease (formerly the National Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, which has been rated as excellent four times in a row), and the National Major Science and Technology Infrastructure for Translational Medicine. The discipline is positioned as a national key discipline, a national key clinical specialty, and a "top priority" key discipline in Shanghai. The APL "Shanghai Protocol" has increased the 5-year disease-free survival rate to over 90%, making it the first essentially curable acute myeloid leukemia in the world, and it has been widely used globally.

1. Historical Origins and Spiritual Inheritance

Founded in 1952 by Professors Wang Zhenyi and Xu Fuyan, the Shanghai Institute of Hematology was established in 1987, giving rise to the academic legend of "four academicians from one family" (Wang Zhenyi, Chen Zhu, Chen Saijuan, and Chen Guoqiang). Inheriting the academic spirit of translational medicine, basic science empowering clinical practice, tackling difficult problems, and benefiting patients, it has pioneered a new paradigm of tumor-induced differentiation therapy, and relinquished the patents of APL-related drugs to make them accessible to patients worldwide.

1. Core Business Operation Efficiency

A leading comprehensive hematology treatment center in China, it has subspecialties in leukemia, lymphoma, myeloma, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and hemorrhage and thrombosis. In the past five years, it has seen over 461,700 outpatient visits and over 40,000 inpatient admissions and discharges. It has performed over 900 hematopoietic stem cell transplants, ranking first in Shanghai in terms of transplant scale. It has established an integrated precision diagnostic platform based on MICM (morphology, immunology, cytogenetics, and molecular biology), undertakes national consultations for difficult hematological diseases and multicenter clinical research on hematological tumors, and leads the development of several domestic guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of hematological diseases.

1. Discipline Positioning and National/Global Benchmarking

Ranked third nationally in Fudan University's specialty rankings, it is an internationally recognized benchmark center for the diagnosis and treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Benchmarking against top hematology centers in Europe and America, its APL "Shanghai Protocol" is a globally original development and has been included in international guidelines such as NCCN. It has reached internationally advanced levels in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, CAR-T cell therapy for lymphoma, and precise subtyping of hemorrhagic and thrombotic diseases. Compared to other hematology centers in China, its greatest differentiating advantage lies in its deeply integrated translational system of basic research and clinical practice, rapidly translating molecular mechanism research into novel clinical therapies.

It is affiliated with the Shanghai Institute of Hematology, the State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, the National Major Science and Technology Infrastructure for Translational Medicine (Shanghai); the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gene Editing and Cell Therapy for Hematological Diseases; the National Key Clinical Specialty for Hematological Diseases; the National Clinical Research Base for Cell Therapy; a doctoral program and postdoctoral research station in hematology; and one of the earliest centers in China to conduct CAR-T registration clinical research. The CAR-T Center is the core functional unit of the translational medicine ward, undertaking the mission of translating basic research into clinical application—the "last mile."

1. Historical Origins and Spiritual Inheritance

Ruijin Hospital is one of the birthplaces of CAR-T clinical research in China. Relying on the profound foundation of its hematology department, established in 1952 and founded by Academician Wang Zhenyi, it built the first dedicated translational medicine ward in China in May 2017, utilizing the National Major Scientific and Technological Infrastructure for Translational Medicine. This ward specifically undertakes clinical research on CAR-T cell immunotherapy for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. In November 2017, China's first hematology translational medicine ward was established at Ruijin Hospital, serving as a "testing ground" for the National Center for Translational Medicine, focusing on cutting-edge clinical research represented by CAR-T. In 2021, it issued the first commercially available CAR-T prescription in China. Inheriting and transforming innovation, precision immunization, comprehensive risk management, and multidisciplinary collaboration, we achieve a complete chain from basic gene editing research to cell clinical trials to standardized clinical application of commercial CAR-T.

1. Core Business Operation Efficiency

The hospital has 18 dedicated translational medicine wards and has established a comprehensive CAR-T therapy management system, including patient screening, bridging therapy, T-cell apheresis, cell preparation quality control, reinfusion, CRS/ICANS adverse reaction monitoring, and long-term follow-up. A dedicated CAR-T MDT team (hematology, critical care, neurology, infectious diseases, imaging, and pharmacy) has been established. Over 200 cases of CAR-T infusion for lymphoma and multiple myeloma have been completed, with a three-year remission rate approaching 70%. A "Shanghai Protocol" for CAR-T therapy is currently being developed. Ruijin Hospital's CAR-T therapy outpatient clinic is the first in China focusing on CAR-T cell immunotherapy for relapsed and refractory lymphoma. He spearheaded multiple domestic CAR-T multicenter clinical trials, producing real-world data on CAR-T in Asian populations, with findings published in top international journals such as NEJM and PNAS.

1. Discipline Positioning and National/Global Benchmarking

As a leading CAR-T cell therapy center in China, its clinical data on Asian populations in the treatment of relapsed and refractory lymphoma and multiple myeloma have gained international recognition. Benchmarking against top cell therapy centers in Europe and America, its real-world studies on CAR-T therapy for Asian populations with relapsed and refractory large B-cell lymphoma and its BCMA dual-epitope CAR-T therapy for multiple myeloma have reached internationally advanced levels. Differentiated Advantages: One of the few centers in China that simultaneously possesses the capabilities for CAR-T clinical application and novel CAR molecular design and gene editing translation research; relying on Ruijin's strong MDT, it has outstanding capabilities in the treatment of severe complications of cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune effect cell-related neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS); unlike most institutions that only carry out finished CAR-T infusion, it simultaneously conducts clinical exploration of novel target CAR-T.

The Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, a national key clinical specialty (general surgery), is the Shanghai Clinical Medical Center for Minimally Invasive Surgery, aligned with the ESO (European Society for Surgical Oncology). It is the birthplace of minimally invasive gastrointestinal surgery in China and a national center for the comprehensive treatment of complex gastrointestinal cancers, including locally advanced gastric cancer, ultra-low rectal cancer with functional preservation, and multidisciplinary team (MDT) transformation therapy for gastrointestinal tumors.

Historical Origins:

Ruijin Hospital's Department of General Surgery was founded in 1907, and its gastrointestinal specialty group has accumulated over a century of experience. In 1993, Zheng Minhua performed the first laparoscopic radical resection of rectal cancer in China, ushering in the era of minimally invasive gastrointestinal tumors in the country. Professor Zhu Zhenggang established a comprehensive diagnosis and treatment system for gastric cancer, inheriting the discipline's spirit of minimally invasive surgery, radical tumor resection, and functional preservation, and is hailed as the cradle of minimally invasive surgery in China.

Core business operational efficiency:

Divided into two major wards: gastric cancer and colorectal tumors, the hospital performs over 3,000 gastrointestinal tumor surgeries annually, with minimally invasive surgeries accounting for over 90%. It houses the Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Tumors; the Asia-Pacific Laparoscopic Endoscopic Training Base; and was among the first in China to routinely conduct gastrointestinal tumor MDT (Multidisciplinary Team) procedures (since 2005). The hospital has spearheaded several domestic guidelines for laparoscopic gastrointestinal tumors and trained a large number of minimally invasive surgical backbone physicians nationwide.

Discipline positioning and benchmarking:

It is an international core platform for minimally invasive translational treatment of gastrointestinal tumors. Compared with ESO, its advantage lies in the large sample clinical presence of Chinese patients with advanced gastric cancer and low rectal cancer. Compared with domestic counterparts, it has a profound comprehensive treatment system for gastric cancer, leads the country in innovation of minimally invasive colorectal surgery, and also takes into account benign gastrointestinal motility diseases. It relies on the hospital's multidisciplinary platform to handle highly difficult cases such as peritoneal metastasis and recurrence rescue.

The Department of General Surgery, a National Key Clinical Specialty, is an independent subspecialty of anorectal surgery, aligned with the American Society of Colorectal Surgeons (ASCRS). It is a national center for the diagnosis and treatment of complex anal fistulas, perianal lesions of Crohn's disease, sphincter-preserving ultra-low rectal cancer, and refractory pelvic floor diseases, ranking among the top specialties in China according to Fudan University.

Historical Origins:

Relying on the century-old general surgery department of Ruijin Hospital (established in 1907), the proctology group has accumulated years of experience and, after becoming an independent department, inherited the Ruijin surgical spirit of broad compassion, minimally invasive anal preservation, and functional priority. It was one of the first in the country to carry out transanal minimally invasive surgery and comfortable proctological diagnosis and treatment throughout the entire process, and established a proctology surgery diagnosis and treatment center at the Jinshan campus.

Core business operational efficiency:

The department has 25 specialized beds, and all its medical staff hold master's degrees or above. It performs more than 1,500 anorectal surgeries annually and has independently developed specialized lighting equipment for anorectal surgeries. It undertakes projects funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Shanghai Science and Technology Commission. It has established a specialized outpatient clinic for complex perianal diseases and has formed a physical multidisciplinary team (MDT) with the gastrointestinal surgery, gastroenterology, and radiology departments.

Discipline positioning and benchmarking:

A minimally invasive translational platform for colorectal and anal diseases; compared to ASCRS, its advantages lie in the large sample size of Chinese patients with Crohn's disease and complex recurrent anal fistulas; compared with domestic peers, it is a domestic benchmark for the comfortable diagnosis and treatment system for benign anorectal diseases, and also undertakes highly complex tumor surgeries such as sphincter-preserving ultra-low rectal cancer, and relies on Ruijin Minimally Invasive Surgery Center to handle tumors combined with complex perianal lesions.

National Key Clinical Specialty (Nuclear Medicine); Shanghai Key Clinical Specialty; National Clinical Laboratory for Radiopharmaceuticals; Relying on the National Major Scientific and Technological Infrastructure for Translational Medicine and Ruijin Molecular Imaging Clinical Research Center; Doctoral Program and Postdoctoral Research Station in Imaging Medicine and Nuclear Medicine; Equipped with a GMP Radiopharmaceutical Labeling Laboratory and a Radionuclide-Specific Treatment Ward; A participating unit in the compilation of the domestic ¹⁷⁷Lu-PSMA expert consensus; A domestic benchmark platform for integrated PSMA diagnosis and treatment (theranostics). Relying on the National Major Science and Technology Infrastructure for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), the Department of Urology undertakes one National Key Research and Development Program project and four National Natural Science Foundation of China projects, and has won the second prize of the National Science and Technology Progress Award and the first prize of the Ministry of Education Science and Technology Progress Award. The Department of Nuclear Medicine provides radiopharmaceutical use permits (Class IV) and PET/CT and SPECT/CT quantitative evaluation platforms for ¹⁷⁷Lu-PSMA treatment.

1. Historical Origins and Spiritual Inheritance

The Department of Urology at Ruijin Hospital was established in 1949 and is one of the earliest urology departments in China, a key discipline under the national "211 Project". The Department of Nuclear Medicine was established in 1958 (during the Guangci Hospital period) and is one of the earliest nuclear medicine specialties in China. After Professor Xu Danfeng took over as the discipline leader in 2017, he promoted the rate of minimally invasive surgery for urinary tract tumors to over 99% and established a multidisciplinary team (MDT) outpatient clinic for refractory prostate cancer. In 2019, it took the lead in China to implement ¹⁸F-PSMA PET/MR molecular imaging for prostate cancer, laying the organizational foundation for the standardized introduction of cutting-edge therapies such as ¹⁷⁷Lu-PSMA. With the domestic approval of ¹⁷⁷Lu-PSMA, a routine prostate cancer MDT team integrating nuclear medicine, urology, oncology, imaging, and pharmacy has been established, creating an integrated PSMA diagnosis and treatment system. Inheriting the spirit of targeted molecular imaging, precise radioligands, comprehensive MDT management, and translational medicine, the team practices the radionuclide diagnosis and treatment philosophy of "first imaging screening, then radionuclide targeted therapy."

1. Core Business Operation Efficiency

The Department of Urology has two campuses in Huangpu and Jiading districts, with 105 beds, 200,000 outpatient visits annually, and approximately 8,000 surgeries per year. As the leading expert unit for the multidisciplinary team (MDT) outpatient clinic for refractory prostate cancer at Ruijin Hospital, the department collaborates with the departments of nuclear medicine, oncology, radiotherapy, radiology, pathology, and clinical pharmacy to construct a precise diagnosis and treatment system for the entire course of prostate cancer. The facility utilizes 13 dedicated wards for radionuclide therapy within the Department of Nuclear Medicine; it is equipped with integrated PET/MR, panoramic long-axis PET/CT, SPECT/CT, a cyclotron accelerator, and a GMP-compliant radioactive probe fabrication platform; it conducts ¹⁸F-PSMA PET/MR target screening, PSMA expression quantitative evaluation, ¹⁷⁷Lu-PSMA radioligand therapy, post-treatment efficacy evaluation, and long-term follow-up; it has established a specialized outpatient clinic for refractory prostate cancer MDT; it undertakes domestic clinical research on radioligand therapy, leads multi-center real-world data collection, and participates in the drafting of domestic ¹⁷⁷Lu-PSMA treatment consensus; it undertakes national PSMA... Referral consultation for patients with positive late-stage prostate cancer, with full management of radiation toxicity to organs such as bone marrow and kidneys.

1. Discipline Positioning and National/Global Benchmarking

A leading domestic center for integrated PSMA diagnosis and treatment (theranostics), with a domestically leading ¹⁸F-PSMA PET/MR target screening system. Benchmarking against top nuclear medicine centers in Europe and America, its PSMA molecular imaging for precise staging, ¹⁷⁷Lu-PSMA personalized dosage stratification, and post-treatment bone marrow/kidney radiation damage early warning system have reached international advanced standards. Differentiated Advantages: One of the few domestic centers that simultaneously possesses a complete chain of PSMA multimodal molecular imaging screening +¹⁷⁷Lu-PSMA radioligand therapy + full-process MDT; unlike institutions that only perform radionuclide infusion, relying on Ruijin Urology's strong surgical, endocrinology, chemotherapy, and novel endocrine drug system, it realizes sequential full-process management from early-stage radical prostate cancer treatment to advanced mCRPC radioligand therapy.

A national key clinical specialty and a key discipline of the Ministry of Education, it is benchmarked against the American Thoracic Society (ATS) and the European Respiratory Society (ERS). It is a national center for the diagnosis and treatment of complex and difficult cases of lung infections in immunocompromised hosts, refractory asthma, sleep-disordered breathing, complex interstitial lung disease, and lung oncology. It consistently ranks among the top five in the Fudan University Specialty Reputation Ranking.

Historical Heritage Tracing:

Established in 1952, the department was originally the Department of Pulmonary Medicine, founded by Professor Sun Tongnian. It has been passed down by several generations of scholars, including Deng Weiwu, Huang Shaoguang, and Wan Huanying, upholding the Ruijin spirit of broad compassion and pursuit of excellence. It was one of the first departments in China to perform rigid bronchoscopy, and in 1992, it was among the first in China to establish an independent respiratory intensive care unit (RICU). In 2017, it was renamed the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine.

Business efficiency:

With 117 beds, it sees over 180,000 outpatients and emergency patients annually, and discharges over 10,000 patients. It has six subspecialties: pulmonary infection, chronic airway disease, interventional pulmonary care, sleep apnea, lung tumors, and interstitial lung disease. It also houses the Shanghai Key Laboratory for Emergency Prevention and Treatment of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, a national PCCM specialist training base, and has spearheaded the development of several domestic pneumonia diagnosis and treatment guidelines.

Benchmarking Analysis:

An international platform for translational medicine of respiratory infections; compared with ATS/ERS, its advantages lie in lung infections in immunocompromised individuals and asthma in Taiwanese populations; compared with domestic counterparts, it has outstanding top-level strength in lung infections, is a pioneer in respiratory critical care and sleep-disordered breathing in Taiwan, has a complete subspecialty system, and relies on Ruijin Hospital's whole-hospital platform to handle complex and difficult respiratory cases with underlying diseases.

It is a National Key Clinical Specialty (Infectious Diseases), the Clinical Treatment Center for Severe Viral Hepatitis of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, the Institute of Infectious and Respiratory Diseases of Ruijin Hospital, the Key Laboratory for Emergency Prevention and Treatment of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, a core unit of the National Clinical Medical Center, a Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, a National Health Commission Infectious Disease Specialist Physician Training Base (with a P2/P3 pathogen detection platform, undertaking national major infectious disease research projects), the affiliated unit of the Shanghai Municipal Infectious Diseases Clinical Quality Control Center, and the Clinical Treatment Center for Severe Viral Hepatitis of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. It has been ranked among the top 5 in the Fudan University Specialty Reputation Ranking for 10 consecutive years from 2010 to 2020. Published important clinical research findings in top international medical journals such as NEJM, Lancet, and BMJ.

1. Historical Origins and Spiritual Inheritance

The department's predecessor was the Saint-Jean Isolation Ward built in 1931 at Guangci Hospital, one of the earliest established infectious disease departments in China; in 1981, it was approved as one of the first doctoral programs in infectious diseases in China. Inheriting the spirit of upholding the bottom line of public health, tackling severe liver diseases, accurately diagnosing and treating difficult infections, and medical research translational disciplines, the department has gradually transformed from the early treatment of highly infectious diseases into an integrated infectious disease center for severe liver diseases, difficult infections, emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases, and tropical diseases.

1. Core Business Operation Efficiency

It has two campuses in Huangpu and northern Jiading, with 96 approved beds, including negative pressure isolation wards, ranking among the top four in the country in terms of scale. It offers specialized outpatient clinics for chronic hepatitis B, liver failure, fever of unknown origin, and tropical parasitic diseases. The annual outpatient volume is approximately 60,000 visits, undertaking the treatment of more than half of the critically ill patients with liver failure in Shanghai, about half of whom come from other regions. It has established core platforms for pathogen molecular diagnosis, non-invasive liver fibrosis assessment, and artificial liver blood purification; it leads a national multi-center clinical study on severe liver diseases and has established a national treatment network for severe hepatitis; it undertakes national referral consultations for difficult infections and fever of unknown origin, and has participated in emergency treatment for major public health emergencies on multiple occasions. In 2023, the negative pressure ward (22 beds) in the northern campus was put into use, realizing the ability to switch the air pressure status at any time in a "combination of peacetime and epidemic prevention".

1. Discipline positioning and national/global benchmarking

The Department of Infectious Diseases at Fudan University consistently ranks among the top 5 in China; it is a benchmark discipline in the clinical treatment of severe liver failure and chronic hepatitis B. Benchmarking against international infectious disease centers, its optimized RGT (Recovery Tolerance) treatment protocol for chronic hepatitis B, liver failure prognostic early warning model, and integrated artificial liver and internal medicine treatment system have reached international advanced levels. Its differentiated advantages lie in its strong multidimensional comprehensive diagnosis and treatment of severe liver disease, fever of unknown origin (FUO), and imported tropical parasitic diseases, leveraging Ruijin Hospital's robust MDT (Multidisciplinary Team) in liver transplantation, critical care, imaging, and microbiology. This distinguishes it from other domestic infectious disease specialties that focus primarily on bacterial infections or a single area of liver disease.

3569

Equipped with an independent laboratory (approximately 200㎡), it conducts translational research in collaboration with the Ruijin Immunology and Disease Research Center (co-established with the Shanghai Institute of Immunology). The discipline is the Rheumatology and Immunology doctoral program at the School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University. It has an independent rheumatology and immunology laboratory, undertaking sub-projects of the National Key Research and Development Program and projects funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China. Both the APS and AOSD biobanks are among the largest single-center clinical biobanks in China. In 2020, it became a member of the International Antiphospholipid Syndrome Research Consortium (APS ACTION) and, in collaboration with the Department of Laboratory Medicine, became one of the six core laboratories globally, housing the largest single-center clinical biobanks for antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) in China.

1. Historical Origins and Spiritual Inheritance

The Department of Rheumatology and Immunology was officially established in September 2015. It is a relatively young department within the internal medicine system of Ruijin Hospital, and its founding philosophy is to uphold integrity, equality, excellence, and innovation. In its early stages, the department did not have its own wards and relied on the hospital's multidisciplinary consultation system to treat difficult and critical rheumatic and immunological diseases. It focuses on tackling difficult and critical autoimmune diseases, and concentrates on autoinflammatory diseases and thrombotic immune diseases that are easily missed or misdiagnosed, aiming to build a "high ground for the diagnosis and treatment of difficult rheumatic diseases".

1. Core Business Operation Efficiency

With 21 open beds, it sees approximately 50,000 outpatients and admits over 1,600 inpatients annually. It is a vice-chairman unit of the Rheumatology Branch of the Chinese Medical Association and the president unit of the Rheumatology and Immunology Physicians Branch of the Shanghai Medical Association. It offers specialized outpatient services for systemic lupus erythematosus, immune thrombosis/recurrent miscarriage, adult-onset Still's disease, and arthritis. Relying on Ruijin Hospital's strong departments of laboratory medicine, critical care medicine, obstetrics, radiology, and hematology, it has established a rheumatology MDT team, undertaking referrals and consultations for complex rheumatic and immunological diseases nationwide. The department has an independent immunology laboratory, which can conduct a full range of precise tests for autoantibody profiles and antiphospholipid antibodies; it has led many domestic multi-center clinical studies and published a series of original results in top journals such as NEJM, BMJ, and Lancet Rheumatology.

1. Discipline Positioning and National/Global Benchmarking

The hospital consistently ranks 6th in the national ranking of specialized rheumatology departments and is a vice-chairman unit of the Rheumatology Branch of the Chinese Medical Association. Benchmarking against top rheumatology centers in Europe and America, its clinical and basic research on antiphospholipid syndrome and adult Still's disease has reached international advanced levels, and it participates in the formulation of the APS international diagnostic standard. Its differentiated advantages include: relying on Ruijin's comprehensive platform of coagulation, critical care, and obstetrics, it has developed unique strengths in the differential diagnosis of immune-related thrombosis, autoimmune diseases complicated by pregnancy, and unexplained fever (FUO) in complex rheumatology cases; distinguishing itself from traditional rheumatology specialties in China, it focuses on overcoming easily misdiagnosed autoinflammatory diseases, rather than being limited to common rheumatoid arthritis and lupus erythematosus.

A national key clinical specialty and a national key discipline; the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases has been ranked No. 1 in the country for many consecutive years in the Fudan University Specialty Reputation List; the National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases; one of the birthplaces of endocrine and metabolic diseases in China; it has established a full-chain MDT diagnosis and treatment system for endocrine tumors, hereditary endocrine diseases, diabetes and metabolic diseases, and thyroid diseases; and it is benchmarked against the Department of Endocrinology at the Mayo Clinic in the United States.

Historical Origins and Spiritual Inheritance:

Founded in the 1950s, Ruijin University of Endocrinology is one of the three major birthplaces of endocrinology and metabolism in China. Professor Kuang Ankun, along with Chen Jialun, Xu Manyin, and others, used a simple direct-view microscope to directly count eosinophils to assess glucocorticoid secretion, initiating China's earliest research on adrenal cortex function. In 1957, they successfully diagnosed and treated the first case of primary aldosteronism in China, marking the birth of the discipline. Through five generations of leading scholars, the university has cultivated a spirit of "broad compassion and pursuit of excellence," achieving numerous "firsts" and "pioneering achievements" in Chinese endocrinology and metabolism.

Core business operational efficiency:

For 14 consecutive years, the department has ranked first in the Fudan University's ranking of Chinese hospital specialties by reputation (endocrinology). The Clinical Endocrinology Laboratory is the only endocrinology laboratory in China to have passed CAP accreditation, completing 950,000 tests annually. It spearheaded the establishment of the National Standardized Metabolic Disease Management Center (MMC), covering a network of over a thousand centers nationwide, practicing the core quality concept of "one center, one-stop service, one standard." In 2026, based on its "technology-driven, seven-dimensional collaborative" full-chain, full-cycle health quality management model, it became the first medical team to receive the Shanghai Mayor's Quality Award.

Discipline Positioning and Benchmarking:

It is a national key discipline, a national clinical research center for metabolic diseases, and a key laboratory for endocrinology and metabolism under the National Health Commission. It is one of China's most important bases for endocrinology and metabolism medical treatment, scientific research, and talent training. Globally, it is developing in sync with international advanced levels and leading in many aspects. The first Chinese expert to serve on the Executive Committee of the International Society of Endocrinology came from this discipline. It has published over 700 SCI papers in journals such as *Nature*, *Science*, and *The New England Journal of Medicine*, and has won the second prize of the National Science and Technology Progress Award four times and the first prize of the Shanghai Science and Technology Progress Award five times.

National Key Clinical Specialty; Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Tumors, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Tumor Transformation Research.

1. Historical Origins and Spiritual Inheritance

The Department of General Surgery at Ruijin Hospital originated from the early general surgery system of Ruijin Hospital. It completed its departmental establishment in 1953, inheriting the discipline's spirit of rigor, pragmatism, pioneering spirit, minimally invasive innovation, and comprehensive oncology management. The older generation of surgeons laid the foundation for domestic digestive surgery, organ transplantation, and the diagnosis and treatment of severe acute pancreatitis. In 1991, it performed the first laparoscopic cholecystectomy in East China, establishing itself as a cradle of minimally invasive surgery in China. It is an Asia-Pacific Laparoscopic Endoscopic Training and Certification Center, continuously exporting standardized systems and talent training programs for minimally invasive surgery.

1. Core Business Operation Efficiency

It comprises six subspecialties: gastrointestinal surgery, pancreatic surgery, hepatobiliary surgery, breast and thyroid endocrine surgery, hernia and abdominal wall surgery, and vascular surgery, with 10 wards and nearly 400 beds. It performs over 10,000 surgeries annually, with the pancreatic center performing nearly 4,000 pancreatic surgeries annually. It boasts nearly 40 doctoral supervisors, and its annual surgical volume covers all subspecialties of general surgery. In the 2021 Fudan University Specialty Reputation Ranking, its general surgery department ranked 4th nationally. In the past two years, nearly 300 SCI papers have been published, and more than 100 national-level research projects have been initiated, with a total funding of over 40 million yuan. A complete chain system has been established, encompassing emergency treatment, surgical intensive care, surgical treatment, tumor MDT, and long-term follow-up for postoperative rehabilitation. The team leads the National Pancreatic Tumor Alliance and the Gastrointestinal Tumor Collaboration Network, and undertakes emergency treatment tasks for major abdominal trauma and severe surgical diseases.

1. Discipline Positioning and Benchmarking

A national key clinical specialty, consistently ranking among the top 6 in Fudan University's specialty rankings; a benchmark discipline in digestive surgery, pancreatic surgery, and minimally invasive surgery in China. Benchmarking against top surgical centers in Europe and America, its robotic pancreatic surgery, minimally invasive radical resection of gastrointestinal tumors, and individualized treatment of severe acute pancreatitis have reached international advanced levels; it possesses globally original achievements in combined abdominal organ transplantation and comprehensive treatment of peritoneal metastases from gastric cancer. Distinguishing itself from other top general surgery departments in China, its distinctive feature is the balanced development of a minimally invasive system, a pancreatic tumor center, and gastrointestinal tumor transformation treatment.

1. National-level research platform positioning: Relying on the Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery (a municipal-level institute) and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Tumors (a municipal-level key laboratory), an integrated platform of "clinical-basic-translational" research is constructed. The discipline is positioned as a key discipline of the national "211 Project," a national key clinical specialty (general surgery and oncology), and a key discipline of Shanghai's "most important" category. The comprehensive diagnostic and treatment capabilities for gastrointestinal tumors are benchmarked against international advanced levels, with an early diagnosis rate of approximately 22% for gastric cancer (leading the nation), and an overall 5-year survival rate that is among the leading levels domestically and internationally.

The Breast Surgery Department, a national key clinical specialty under the Department of General Surgery, is aligned with the SABCS (San Antonio Breast Cancer Conference) in the United States. It pioneered the one-stop MDT (Multidisciplinary Team) diagnosis and treatment system for breast cancer in China, and is a national center for the comprehensive treatment of difficult cases, including early-stage breast cancer, conversion therapy for triple-negative breast cancer, complex breast tumors, and breast reconstruction. It is a benchmark for breast specialist departments in comprehensive hospitals.

Historical Origins:

Ruijin Department of General Surgery was founded in 1907. Breast surgery was long under the general surgery department. In 2009, Professor Shen Kunwei led the establishment of the Breast Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center, integrating multiple disciplines to form an independent breast surgery system, inheriting the Guangci spirit of broad compassion, precise minimally invasive surgery, and comprehensive management.

Core business operational efficiency:

The hospital has 68 specialized beds and is equipped with breast-specific MRI, ductoscopy, and MRI-guided minimally invasive biopsy systems. It ranks first among Shanghai general hospitals in terms of annual breast surgery volume, with a 100% breast cancer follow-up rate and a 5-year survival rate of 94.2%. It has established a leading domestic breast cancer database, SJTU-BCD, and offers outpatient services for complex breast cancer MDT cases.

Discipline positioning and benchmarking:

An international breast cancer translational medicine research platform; compared to SABCS, its advantages lie in the large sample size of triple-negative breast cancer and small breast lesions in Chinese patients; compared with domestic counterparts, it is the first in the country to adopt a one-stop MDT model, with a mature integrated system of breast preservation and breast reconstruction, relying on the multidisciplinary advantages of Ruijin Hospital in oncology, radiotherapy and plastic surgery to treat advanced and recurrent refractory breast cancer.

The Thyroid Subspecialty, under the National Key Clinical Specialty of General Surgery, is aligned with the American Thyroid Association (ATA). It is a benchmark for single-port laparoscopic and robotic minimally invasive thyroid surgery and a national center for the comprehensive treatment of locally advanced invasive thyroid cancer and refractory parathyroid diseases.

Historical Origins:

Relying on the century-old general surgery department of Ruijin Hospital (established in 1907), the thyroid specialty group has been deeply involved in its work for decades. After 2000, it gradually developed into an independent subspecialty of thyroid vascular surgery, inheriting the spirit of Guangci Surgery: **broad compassion, minimally invasive surgery to protect function, and meticulous parathyroid preservation.** It is one of the earliest centers in Taiwan to perform single-port laparoscopic thyroid surgery and robotic thyroid surgery.

Core business operational efficiency:

The hospital performs over 2,000 thyroid surgeries annually, leading the nation in single-port laparoscopic thyroid surgeries and ranking among the top in robotic thyroid surgeries. It has established a one-stop thyroid multidisciplinary team (MDT) integrating endocrinology, ultrasound, nuclear medicine, and nephrology. It also features a day surgery system for thyroid surgery, significantly shortening hospital stays, and is supported by the nation's leading C-TIRADS thyroid ultrasound assessment system for accurate preoperative diagnosis.

Discipline positioning and benchmarking:

A minimally invasive translational medicine platform for thyroid tumors; compared to the ATA (Advanced Tertiary Therapy Association), its advantages lie in the large clinical sample size of Taiwanese patients with small thyroid carcinomas and secondary hyperparathyroidism; compared to domestic counterparts, its original and leading single-port laparoscopic thyroid surgery technique, mature robotic scarless thyroid surgery system, and expertise in large retrosternal thyroid glands and advanced thyroid cancer invading airways and blood vessels, leveraging the strengths of Ruijin Hospital's Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology to manage complex hyperparathyroidism cases.

It is one of the centers for the treatment of complex and severe burns and traumas in Shanghai and even the whole country. It is a national key discipline (or has the strength to become a national key discipline) that integrates clinical practice, teaching and scientific research, and plays a leading role in East China and even the whole country.

Historical Origins and Spiritual Inheritance: The Department of Burns at Ruijin Hospital has a long history, dating back to the hospital's early trauma surgery department. It later developed independently, undergoing several expansions and technological innovations during hospital expansions. In responding to major accidents and disasters (such as the fire in the student dormitory of Shanghai Business School) and other public emergencies, the Department of Burns at Ruijin Hospital, with its superb skills and emergency response capabilities, has undertaken a large number of critically ill burn patients, accumulating profound emergency rescue experience and inheriting the spirit of "respecting life, healing the wounded and rescuing the dying, being willing to dedicate oneself, and showing boundless love."

Core strengths:

It has strong comprehensive treatment capabilities. It is at an advanced level in China in terms of critical care, complex wound management, infection control, and organ function maintenance.

Comprehensive technical capabilities:

Master the mainstream technologies and cutting-edge research directions in the field of burns at home and abroad, such as early resuscitation, wound repair techniques (including various grafts/flaps, tissue-engineered skin applications), scar management, perioperative management, etc.

Outstanding research and commercialization capabilities:

The department undertakes numerous national and provincial-level research projects and possesses platforms such as the Burn Research Institute, emphasizing the transformation of research results into clinical applications.

Aligned with international standards: We have exchanges and cooperation with top international burn centers (such as the National Center for Occupational Safety and Health Research at the US CDC and the European Burn Society Center), and our technical standards are in line with international standards.

Relying on the Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, the Shanghai Clinical Medical Center for Minimally Invasive Surgery, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory for Transformational Research in Pancreatic Tumors, the hospital has national doctoral programs and postdoctoral research stations. Its discipline is positioned as a national key clinical specialty and a key discipline under the national "211 Project." In 2026, it led the PORTAL study, which was published in the British Medical Journal (BMJ), becoming the world's first multicenter study of robotic pancreas to be published in one of the four top medical journals, marking my country's minimally invasive pancreatic surgery from "international follower" to "global leader."

1. Historical Origins and Spiritual Inheritance

The Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery originated from the early general surgery system of Ruijin Hospital. In the 1950s, it laid the foundation for hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery and organ transplantation in China. In 1977, it completed the first orthotopic liver transplant in China, followed by landmark surgeries such as split liver transplantation. It upholds the spirit of overcoming difficulties, precise minimally invasive techniques, comprehensive tumor management, and translational medicine. In 2010, it independently established the Pancreatic Disease Treatment Center, forming three major subspecialty clusters: hepatobiliary surgery, biliary tract surgery, and pancreatic surgery. It is one of the earliest centers in China to perform laparoscopic and robotic hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgeries.

1. Core Business Operation Efficiency

The Pancreatic Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center is the world's largest pancreatic disease platform. The Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Department comprises subspecialties in liver, bile duct, and pancreas. The Pancreatic Center performs nearly 4,000 pancreatic surgeries annually, ranking first in Asia and second globally in the total number of robotic pancreatic surgeries, and has completed over 1,000 minimally invasive pancreatic surgeries. The pancreatic cancer resection rate reaches 74%. The center routinely performs complex hilar cholangiocarcinoma, giant hepatocellular carcinoma, and pancreatic cancer combined with vascular reconstruction surgery. Constructing a complete treatment chain encompassing preoperative multimodal imaging assessment, robotic/laparoscopic minimally invasive surgery, multidisciplinary treatment (MDT), perioperative critical care management, and long-term postoperative follow-up; leading the National Pancreatic Tumor Alliance, undertaking national consultations for complex hepatobiliary and pancreatic tumors, large-scale treatment of complex biliary tract injuries and severe acute pancreatitis, and developing multiple domestic guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of biliary and pancreatic tumors.

1. Discipline Positioning and National/Global Benchmarking

The hepatobiliary and pancreatic specialties at Fudan University consistently rank among the top in China; it is one of the world's largest pancreatic disease centers. Benchmarking against top hepatobiliary and pancreatic centers in Europe and America, its robotic pancreatic surgery, neoadjuvant and translational therapy for pancreatic cancer, and ICG fluorescence-guided precision liver resection have reached international advanced levels. Its differentiated advantages include a globally leading comprehensive pancreatic tumor treatment system, while also addressing complex liver transplantation, hilar cholangiocarcinoma, and biliary tract injury repair, achieving balanced development across the liver, bile duct, and pancreas, with deep integration of clinical and translational medicine.

A national key clinical specialty (dermatology and venereology); a national clinical pharmacology base and a national standardized training base for dermatologists; a doctoral program and postdoctoral research station in dermatology and venereology; relying on the national major scientific and technological infrastructure for translational medicine; it has laboratories for dermatological pathology, fungi, dermatological immunology, and medical skin care; and the Pennywort Clinical Research Center of the Dermatology and Venereology Branch of the Chinese Medical Association. With "diagnosis and treatment of complex, refractory, and critical skin diseases" as its core focus, it has established six major clinical research directions: psoriasis, tinea capitis, dermatomyositis, atopic dermatitis, chronic urticaria, and cutaneous lymphoma. In the past five years, I have undertaken two key projects of the National Natural Science Foundation of China, one international (China-US) cooperation project, one major (cultivation) project, and several general projects. My research on psoriasis won the first prize of the Ministry of Education's Science and Technology Progress Award, and my research on pemphigus won the second prize of the Huaxia Medical Award.

1. Historical Origins and Spiritual Inheritance

The Department of Dermatology was established at Guangci Hospital in 1933 and became an independent department in 1945, making it one of the earliest independent dermatology departments in China. The first department director, Professor Zhu Zhonggang, returned from the Saint-Louis Hospital in Paris and led the department to achieve remarkable results in the field of occupational dermatology. In 1952, the earliest dermatological pathology laboratory in China was established. In 1954, the "Comparison of Asphalt Toxicity" won the first national-level scientific research achievement award for Ruijin Hospital after the founding of the People's Republic of China. After Professor Zheng Jie took over in 2000, the department established the academic motto of "treating diseases that others are unwilling to treat or cannot treat well," shifting its focus to complex, refractory, and critical dermatological diseases. Subsequently, fungal and immunological laboratories were established; inheriting the academic spirit of tackling difficult and severe diseases, focusing on immunity, minimizing hormone use, and emphasizing long-term safety, the hospital is positioned to treat critical and refractory skin diseases that are difficult to treat in other hospitals, and is one of the birthplaces of diagnosis and treatment of difficult skin diseases in China.

1. Core Business Operation Efficiency

With 39 approved beds, the hospital sees approximately 190,000 outpatients and emergency patients annually and operates 16 specialized outpatient clinics. It has established a comprehensive testing platform for dermatological pathology, fungi, and immunology; routinely conducts multidisciplinary team (MDT) consultations for skin tumors, dermatomyositis, and severe drug eruptions; undertakes referrals and consultations for complex skin diseases nationwide; leads multiple multicenter clinical studies of new skin drugs; participates in the compilation of domestic dermatology treatment guidelines, and has published findings in international journals such as Lancet and JID. It is a National Key Clinical Specialty, a National Clinical Pharmacology Base, and the chief editor of the nationally unified textbook "Dermatology and Venereology" compiled by the Ministry of Health. It is the chair unit of the 14th Chinese Medical Association Dermatology and Venereology Branch and the chair unit of the Shanghai Medical Association Dermatology Professional Committee. It has ranked 6th to 8th in the Fudan University Specialty Reputation Ranking for the past 5 years.

1. Discipline Positioning and National/Global Benchmarking

The Department of Dermatology at Fudan University consistently ranks 6th to 8th nationally in terms of reputation; it is a leading domestic center for the diagnosis and treatment of vesicular skin diseases, severe inflammatory skin diseases, and cutaneous lymphoma. Benchmarking against top dermatology centers in Europe and America, its research on the low-hormone combined immunotargeted therapy for psoriasis and the pathogenesis mechanism of dermal-derived γδT cells in psoriasis has reached international advanced levels. Its differentiated advantages: Unlike most dermatology departments that focus on common skin diseases and aesthetic medicine, Ruijin Dermatology's core strengths lie in the differential diagnosis of critical immune skin diseases, cutaneous lymphoma, and complex skin pathologies, prioritizing immune regulation to reduce the risk of long-term glucocorticoid exposure.