Medical Oncology

The Department of Medical Oncology focuses on systemic anti-tumor therapy, encompassing chemotherapy, endocrine therapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and palliative supportive care. Treatment emphasizes pathological subtyping, molecular subtyping, staging assessment, and performance status stratification, and individualized treatment plans are developed based on evidence-based guidelines. For some advanced or metastatic tumors, systemic therapy can prolong survival and improve symptoms; perioperative neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy can reduce the risk of recurrence. Pre-treatment assessments are necessary for liver and kidney function, bone marrow reserve, infection risk, cardiac function, and drug interactions. Immunotherapy requires vigilance for immune-related adverse reactions such as pneumonia, hepatitis, colitis, and endocrine abnormalities; targeted therapies and chemotherapy also require monitoring for hematological, hepatic, and nephrotoxic effects, as well as cardiovascular events. In the event of oncological emergencies such as spinal cord compression, superior vena cava syndrome, hypercalcemia, or tumor lysis syndrome, emergency treatment should be prioritized.